Chapter 16: Water

Q1. Mark ‘T’ for a correct statement and ‘F’ for a false statementa) The quantity of freshwater found in our earth is much more than that present in the lakes and rivers.(T/F)Ans. Tb) Only people from rural areas face the problem of water shortage.(T/F)Ans. Fc) The only viable source of irrigation for the fields is the rivers.(T/F)Ans. Fd) The ultimate source of water is the rain.(T/F)Ans. TQ2. How do you think groundwater is recharged?Ans. Infiltration is the process by which groundwater gets recharged. By this process, water from lakes and rivers seeps into the empty spaces and cracks deep below the surface of the earth.Q3. Imagine that there are some fifteen wells in a street of thirty houses. How do you think will this affect the water table in the long run?Ans. The water table level depends on the replenishment of the underground water. Each tube well is shared by only five families. The water consumed for daily domestic usage will not be a major threat to the water table. But, If there is a shortage of rains.the water used will not be replenished and water level in the water table will fall.Q4. Imagine that you are in charge of maintaining a garden. How will you make sure that you are not wasting water?Ans. Drip irrigation can be implemented to reduce the wastage of water. By this process, water is delivered to the base of the plants directly.Pipes should be checked for leaks. Arrangements should be made for collecting rainwater in small pits. This water can be used later for various purposes.Q5. What do you think are the underlying factors behind the depletion of water table?Ans. Here are a few factors which are responsible for the depletion of water table,(i) Increased population: As our population increases, correspondingly the demand for water also increases.(ii)Increasing industries: The number of industries is on the rise ever since the human population began multiplying exponentially. These industries need water for various processes.(iii)Lack of water conservation techniques: Rain is the main source of water for both surface and underground water bodies. Upon proper conservation, the ground water can be increased. This has not yet been achieved due to lack of implementation of such water conservative techniques.(iv)Agricultural activities: Our country depends vastly on its agricultural roots and the land that is used for cultivation has increased. Hence, water consumption has also increased. Groundwater is exploited as there is an irregularity in the rainfall.This results in the depletion of groundwater.Q6. Complete the sentences:

1. People obtain ground water through ________ and _________.
2. Three forms of water are solid, _______ and _______.
3. The water bearing layer of the earth is _______.
4. The process by which water seeps into the ground is

Ans.

1. Wells, Hand pumps
2. Liquid,gas
3. Aquifer
4. Infiltration

Q7. Which among the following do you think does not cause water shortage?

1. Rapid growth of industries
2. Increasing population
3. Heavy rainfall
4. Mismanagement of water resources

Ans. 3. Heavy rainfallQ8. Which of the following options will be best suited to complete the below-given sentence?The total water

1. in the lakes and rivers of the world remains constant.
2. under the ground remains constant.
3. in the seas’ and oceans of the world remains constant.
4. of the world remains constant.

Ans. 4. of the world remains constant.Q9. Make a sketch showing groundwater and water table.Label it.Ans.